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Charlie Phillips (photographer)
Ronald "Charlie" Phillips (born 22 November 1944), also known by the nickname "Smokey",〔Ross Shiel, ("Roots to Reckoning - Charlie Phillips engages the past" ), ''Jamaica Gleaner'', 9 October 2006.〕 is a Jamaican-born restaurateur, photographer, and documenter of black London. He is now best known for his photographs of Notting Hill during the period of West Indian migration to London; however, his subject matter has also included film stars and student protests, with his photographs having appeared in ''Stern'', ''Harper’s Bazaar'', ''Life'' and ''Vogue'' and in Italian and Swiss journals.〔 His work has been exhibited at galleries including Tate Britain, Museum of London, Nottingham New Art Exchange, Museum of Contemporary Art Detroit〔("Becoming: Photographs from the Wedge Collection. Curated by Kenneth Montague; September 12 through December 28, 2008" ), MOCAD.〕 and Museum of the City of New York,〔Karen Rosenberg, ("Glimpses of Urban Landscapes Past – ‘London Street Photography’ at Museum of the City of New York" (review) ), ''The New York Times'', 26 July 2012.〕 and is also in collections at The Wedge, London's Victoria & Albert Museum (V&A),〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/s/charlie-phillips/ )〕as well as the Tate.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/charlie-phillips-10634 )〕 Phillips has been called: "Arguably the most important (yet least lauded) black British photographer of his generation",〔Lindsay Johns, ("Photos Capture Caribbean Rituals for Memorializing the Dead" ), ''The Root'', 17 November 2014.〕 and a January 2015 feature in ''Time Out London'' referred to him as "the greatest London photographer you've never heard of — and some of his best works are only just being discovered".〔Jonny Ensall, "Out of sight", ''Time Out London'', 27 January–2 February 2015, pp. 27–28.〕
==Early years==
Born in Kingston, Jamaica, Phillips spent his early childhood with his grandparents in St Mary after his parents had migrated to Britain. He developed an early interest in naval matters: "We used to wait for the tour ships to come in and we used to try and sell them something or try and escort them somewhere or show them around Kingston harbour. At that time Kingston was a main shipping port in the Caribbean.... Every afternoon after school I used to go down to the pier and watch different ships coming in. It was the era of big immigration to England."〔("Charlie Phillips Story" ), Moving Here Stories, The National Archives.〕 At the age of 11, Phillips too made the journey from Jamaica to England, sailing on the ''Reina del Pacifico'', a Pacific Steam Navigation Company passenger ship: "This was a one of my most memorable experiences.... We visited different ports.... We visited Cuba, Bermuda, and I saw Santander in Spain and we ended up in Plymouth. Ever since then I've had a fascination for ships and docks and the sea."〔
He joined his parents in London, on 17 August 1956, and the family lived among other West Indian immigrants in Notting Hill, at the time a poor area of the capital characterised by Rachmanism and racism.〔(Charlie Phillips page ) at Akehurst Creative Management.〕 Phillips recalls: "I was an altar boy at a church called St Michael when Kelso Cochrane was buried (6 June 1959 ) – one of the biggest funerals in Notting Hill at the time. It was just after the race riots and because my parents thought there would be trouble that's the only day I didn’t go to the procession. These were the days where for coloured people it wasn't safe to walk on the street, especially when Oswald Mosley was at his peak."〔Ashleigh Kane, ("Documenting London’s African Caribbean funerals" ), Dazed, November 2014.〕
Phillips worked in his parents' restaurant "Las Palmas" in Portobello Road.〔 He began his photographic career by accident when, while still very young, he was given a Kodak Brownie by a black American serviceman. Phillips taught himself to use it and began to photograph life in Notting Hill,〔(Charlie Phillips biography ), itzCaribbean.com.〕 making his prints in the family bathroom after his parents had retired to bed.〔Andrew Steeds, ("Regrets? He’s had a few … A profile of Charlie Phillips, photographer and contributor to ''100 Images of Migration''" ), Migration Museum Project, 26 August 2015.〕
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